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MADE POSSIBLE BY
THE MAIZE TRUST
11
nange-
calcium chloride
. Qinisekisa ukuthi
iyiphi oyisebenzisayo. Uhla lwe-
pH
kanye
nokukhula kwesitshalo okufanele ne-
pH
(CaCl
2
) kubonisiwe ku-
Figa 1
.
Ithebula 1
: Inikeza uphawu lwesivuno esi-
namandla ku-
pH reading
yenhlabathi efanele.
Isibonelo, uma utshala ummbila enhlabathini
ene-
pH
ka-4,7 uma kuqhathaniswa ne-
pH
ka-6,8 kungenzeka ubone ukuthi u-34% kuphela wesivuno esikhulu esi-
ngatholakala kuloyo mhlaba. Enhlabathini ejulile kodwa ene-esidi eni-
ngi kakhulu izivuno za-KwaZulu-Natal zinyukile zisuka ku-2,5
t/ha
ukuye
ngaphezulu kuka-8
t/ha
ngokulungisa i-
pH
yenhlabathi ngephrogremu
yesikhathi eside yokufaka i-
lime
. Lokhu kungathatha ama-aplikheshini
amaningi angafinyelela phakathi kwamathani ayisihlanu nayisikhombisa
e-
calcitic
ne-
dolomitic lime
ekhethiwe. I-
dolomitic lime
equkethe i-ma-
gneziyamu iyakhethwa uma ikhalsiyamu kumagneziyamu reyisho enhla-
bathini nayo idinga ukulungiswa.
Lokhu ukubheka nje okukhombisa isimo jikelele. Umlimi ngamunye
uba nawo umuzwa wokuthi yini okufanele i-aplaywe kanye nomphumela
we-aplikheshini ye-
lime
emhlabeni wakhe eminyakeni eminingi. Umthetho
ongangasoze waphikiswa ukuthi uku-aplaywa okuthile kwe-
soil colloid
complex
okuthile esikhathini esingaphezulu kwamasizini amathathu ku-
phazamisa uhlelo lokushintsha i-
pH
edingekayo. Uhlolo lwamasizini emhla-
beni wakho luzokhombisa inqubekela phambili eyenziwayo efanele ye-
pH
ka- 6,8. Ukwenyuka kwesivuno sesilimo esitholakele nakho kuzokhombisa
ukusebenza kwephrogremu yamanje ye-
lime
.
Uma ucabanga ngesamba se-
cation exchange capacity (CEC)
uhlolo lwakho lungabuya lukhombise i-esidi
saturation
ka-30%
kuya ku-40% nokuwumhlabathi onesimuncwana esiningi. Ngokwe-
migomo elula lokhu kusho ukuthi lo-30% kuya ku-40% wezikhala,
ku-
soil colloid medium
ukubamba amanyuthriyenti amakhulu afana
ne-photheziyamu, salfa, ne-khalsiyamu athathwa ngama-
hydrogen
ions
. Ngakho ke inhlabathi ekwaziyo ukubamba noma ukugcina
amanyuthriyenti adingekayo ukwenza izilimo zikhule zikhiphe isivuno
esikhulu kakhulu. I-
lime
izokwenza ngcono amandla enhlabathi ukuze
kubambeke amanyuthriyenti angatholwa yizitshalo angaba ne-aksesi
ngezitshalo kanye nokukhandeka kwezihlamvu.
UHLELO LOKULUNGISA UMHLABA NOMA ICEBO
Isamba secebo lokulungisa singafaka phakathi uku-aplaywa kwe-
calcitic
noma i-
dolomitic lime
ukwenza ngcono i-
pH
, i-
gypsum
ukubhalansisa
isalfa, i-MAP yokwenza ngcono isimo sefosfeythi ne-KCL ukulungi-
sa isimo sephotheziyamu. Uma i-aplaywe wosonkontileka le-resiphi
ingabiza phakathi kuka-R1 850 no-R2 500 ihektha ngalinye. Lokhu ku-
ngaba yibhuloho eliya kude kwabanye abalimi kanye nenhlabathi
efanele okungenani ingakhandwa eminyakeni eminingi.
Ukucabanga nge-
lime
yodwa, izindleko zihambisana nebanga
lepulazi kusukela emthonjeni we-
lime
zingaba phakathi kokudi-
liva umkhiqizo kusuka ku-R600 kuya ku-R700 ithani elilodwa kanye
nezindleko ze-aplikheshini zika-R200/ha kubalimi abasebenzisa oso-
nkontileka. Abalimi baKwaZulu-Natal ngokuvamile ba-aplaya i-
lime
ngempahla yabo yokusebenza.
Bala izindleko zakho zephrogremu ye-
lime
, ngokuhlanganyela
ne-
agronomist
oyithandayo, uphinde uqhathanise izindleko nezimali
okubikezelwa ukuthi uzozizuza kusuka esivunweni esandile kumasizini
amaningi. Qala ngenhlabathi enamandla aphezulu bese uyahlela uku-
lungisa umhlaba ngamunye epulazini ngokunjalo eminyakeni eminingi
usabalalise izindleko zeziali nobungozi ebhizinisini lokulima.
ISIPHETHO
Abalimi abanolwazi, i-
agronomists
, abadayisi bakamanyolo, abe-
luleki, nabaye ochwepheshe kulo mkhakha banombono wokuthi
‘i-
lime
iyasebenza’. Kodwa cabanga ngemithelela yemali nobungo-
zi ngaphambi kokungena ku-phrogremu egcwele ye-
lime
. Kwenze
ngokwesistimu emhlabeni wonke onamandla epulazini lakho. Labo
balimi abane-aksesi emalini yezibonelelo kufanele basebenzise ithu-
ba olinikiwe, masinyane uma kwenzeka ukuba, ufake i-
lime
njenge-
siqalo sokusungula inhlabathi efanele ezoqinisekisa isivuno esikhulu
esikhathini esizayo.
1
I-
pH
yenhlabathi ka-5,2 kuya ku-8,0 inikeza izimo eziphezulu
sezilimo eziningi ezingenisa inzuzo kwezolimo.
Ukundlalwa kwe-
lime
.
Isithombe: NguJenny Mathews
Ukwenza iplane – ukwendla i-lime nge-
fertiliser spreader
.
Isithombe: NguJenny Mathews