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THE MAIZE TRUST
12
K
HOLOMO E NNGWE MO PEGONG YA TEKO YA MMU
WA GAGO E NA LE TLHOGWANA E E RENG ‘
CATION
EXCHANGE CAPACITY
(CEC)
’, KE GO RE KGONO YA GO
FETELETSANA LE GO TSHWARA MEFUTA YA KOTLO
E E FAROLOGANENG, MME GANTSI GA E TLHALO-
GANGWE. KE NTLHA E E BOTLHOKWA THATA YA MEBU E E
TSHWANETSENG GO ELWA TLHOKO GO KGONA GO LEBELELA
GO NONA GA MMU, PHETHO YA TIRISO YA KALAKA MORAGO
GA DINGWAGA TSE DI KA NNANG TSE THARO KGOTSA GO
FETA, GO LEKALEKANA GA DIMINERALE TSE DI MO MMUNG
MME LE GO NNA TENG GA MONONTSHA O O LOKETSWENG
EBILE LE MAEMO KA BOPHARA A GO NONA GA MMU.
MEBU
Mebu yotlhe e bopilwe ka dikgaolo tse nne go simolola – diminerale,
mowa, metsi le dibodi. Mmu wa mofuta o o rileng ka tlwaelo o bopilwe ka
45% e le diminerale, 25% e le metsi, 25% e le mowa mme le 2% go 5% e
le dibodi. Diminerale di ka nna tsa dikgaolo tse di farologaneng tse tharo ka
ntlha ya bokana tse di leng motlhaba, mmukgogodi le mmopa. Bontsi ba
kgaolo e nngwe bo dirisiwa go taya mofuta wa mmu e le motlhaba, mo-
tlhaba wa mokata, mokata wa motlhaba, motlhaba o mosesane wa mokata,
mokata, mmukgogodi, mmukgogodi wa mmopa wa mokata, mmopa wa
mokata le mmopa.
DITSHETSANANNYE TSA MO MMUNG
Mo thulaganyong e e raraaneng e e supiwang fa godimo mmu o tletse
ditshetsanannye tse di farologaneng tse di ka nnang dibaketeria, diakati-
nomisete, mekobo, meuta, malele, porotosoa, dinematode, ditsenekegi,
diboko, mme le medi. Boima ba ditshetsanannye tsotlhe tse mo kgaolong
ya mmugodimo e e ka nnang dimilimetara tse 175 bo ka nna 7 000 kg/ha.
Mmu jalo ke tikologo e e phelang mo re jwalang dimela tsa rona go bapa
le menontsha ya dikhemikale.
DIBODI LE HUMASE
Dibodi ke kgaolonnye ya mmu e e bopiwang ka ditshetsanannye tse re di
supileng fa godimo mme le fa disalela tsa dimela tse di tshelang tsa dimela
tse di robilweng tsa pele di sala mo mmung ka go bola ka maemo a a late-
lanang. Humase ke molekule e e marara thata e e gokaganeng ka botelele
e e ka atlholwang fela fa go dirisiwa maekorosekoupu mme e bopiwa ka
kgato ya go bola ya bofelo ya dibodi. Humase e ka bopiwa ka dikgaolo tse
ditshetlha kgotsa tse dithokwa mme di ka bonwa di le mo mmung morago
ga go simolola go dirisa mekgwa ya go suga mmu ga nnye fela kgotsa ya
tshomarelommu.
Lebelela mmu o o nyerolositsweng go feta ka go dirisa mogoma o o
segang, o o se nang disalela tsa dimela mme tota le dibodi tse palonnye
mme o di tshwantshe, fa go ka kgonegwa, le mmu wa moagisani kgotsa
wa tshimo e e gaufi mo go dirisitsweng mokgwa wa go suga mmu wa
tshomarelommu. Tshwantsha mesima e mebedi mo go tserweng diteko
tsa mmu. Dillaga tsa humase di ka bonwa. Nagana gore go tsaya dingwaga
tse di latelanang tse dintsinyana tsa go dirisa mokgwa wa tshomarelommu
go kgona go rulagana go nna teng ga humase. Mmu o o nang 4% ya dibodi
go kopana le humase e e leng teng o ka naya naiterojene e e ka nnang
dikilogeramo tsa 200 e eka dirisiwang ke dijwalwa. Ke poloko e e siameng
ya madi a a tshwanetseng go reka naiterojene (N) go e lokela mo mmung.
Fa o ka balabala makwalo a dipatlisiso tsa Dr William Albrecht mabapi le
mebu o tlaa lemoga gore o amogela kitso le thuso ya go tokafatsa mebu
mo polaseng ya gago. Mebu le bolaodimmu ke kgang e e bokete tota.
DIKATIONE KE ENG?
Kotlo ya dimela e tshwarwa mo motlhabeng wa mmu, mmopa le
mmukgogodi kgotsa thulaganyo ya dikgaolonnye. Mo mmung mo di-
kgaolopopego di lekalekane thulaganyo ya dikgaolonnye e ka tshwara
didiriswa le tse dingwe tsa dikgaolonnye di le mo lefelong le le lengwe.
Tlhogwana e e reng CEC mo
TEKONG YA MMU wa gago e raya eng?
Richard McPherson, Mokwadi
wa Pula Imvula. Romela e meile
go richard@agrimetrix.co.za