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ON FARM LEVEL
Technology
The
ALMT1
data marker appears more sen-
sitive than the laboratory aluminium testing,
as a clearer distinction between moderate
tolerance genotypes could be made. Until
now it was not possible, or very difficult,
to develop cultivars with tolerance to both
preharvest sprouting resistance and alu-
minium toxicity.
PAN 3120 and PAN 3144 are the only culti-
vars with good tolerance to both parame-
ters. The data from this study, however, can
be used in future to identify germplasm that
contains both good preharvest sprouting
resistance and aluminium tolerance.
Why is this important to
producers?
Producers should be familiar with the vari-
ous characteristics of the cultivars that are
commercially available. The results shown
here again highlight the importance of cor-
rect and timeous liming procedures. To
only rely on cultivars with tolerance to high
levels of aluminium can lead to huge eco-
nomic losses if crops are downgraded as a
result of preharvest sprouting resistance.
Both the preharvest sprouting resistance
and aluminium data are available in the
annual
Production guidelines for small
grains
. It is therefore important that pro-
ducers take note of these correlations in
order to make the correct
cultivar choice for their spe-
cific situation.
Preharvest sprouting and aluminium toxicity
PREHARVEST SPROUTING RESISTANCE
– TOLERANT CULTIVARS
PREHARVEST SPROUTING RESISTANCE
– MODERATE CULTIVARS
PREHARVEST SPROUTING RESISTANCE
– SUSCEPTIBLE CULTIVARS
CULTIVAR
PHS
SCORE
ALMT1
CULTIVAR
PHS
SCORE
ALMT1
CULTIVAR
PHS
SCORE
ALMT1
Betta
1,5
Type I
Molopo
3,2
Type II
PAN 3349
5,1
Type V
Elands
2,0
Type I
Gariep
3,5
Type I
SST 983
5,2
Type V
Komati
2,0
Type I
SST 356
3,5
Type IV Molen
5,4
Type I
Scheepers 69
2,0
Type I
Letaba
3,5
Type I
PAN 3195
5,4
Type V
Betta-DN
2,1
Type I
PAN 3379
3,6
Type V
Carina
5,9
Type V
Karee
2,1
Type I
SST 124
3,7
Type I
Tugela-DN
6,4
Type V
PAN 3364
2,3
Type II
PAN 3118
3,8
Type V
Flamink
6,8
Type I
PAN 3368
2,4
Type I
PAN 3191
3,8
Type II
Tugela
7,2
Type V
SST 322
2,4
Type II
SST 316
3,8
Type IV
PAN 3120
2,6
Type V
SST 387
3,8
Type V
SST 347
2,7
Type I
Koonap
3,9
Type V
SST 398
2,7
Type I
PAN 3111
4,4
Type V
PAN 3144
2,7
Type V
PAN 3198
4,5
Type V
Senqu
2,7
Type II
PAN 3161
4,5
Type V
Matlabas
2,7
Type IV/II
Hugenoot
4,9
Type I
SST 399
2,8
Type I
SST 317
2,8
Type I
SST 374
3,0
Type I
TABLE 1: PREHARVEST SPROUTING RESISTANCE AND ALUMINIUM DATA FOR THE 41 CULTIVARS INCLUDED IN THIS STUDY.
PHS: Preharvest sprouting resistance
It is noticeable how almost all the preharvest sprouting resistance tolerant cultivars show susceptibility to aluminium and vice versa