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Will there be enough maize to feed the
population within the region?
Southern Africa will not have enough grain to feed the population
from the region’s own production and carryover stocks. It is clear
that there is likely going to be a significant amount of maize (and
other grains) that will be imported from outside the region, with the
likely sources being Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and the Ukraine.
In a normal season, gross estimated available maize for the Southern
African Development Community (SADC) averages 30 million tons,
against requirements of 27 million tons (SADC, various years).
South Africa contributes between 40% and 42% of the regionally
available maize. From a maize perspective, the region has been rela-
tively self-sufficient, with record harvests from a number of coun-
tries, namely South Africa, Zambia and Malawi in the recent past.
In the previous season, a less favourable climate led to lower maize
production that reduced the crop by around 30% in South Africa,
17% in Zambia, 26% in Malawi and 50% in Zimbabwe (Grain SA,
2015 and GIEWS, 2016).
The steep decline in production meant that the region could count
on its carryover stocks to stabilise prices, which remained reason-
ably low across the region.
Given that all net exporting countries are under severe pressure due
to a second consecutive drought throughout Southern Africa, the
large parts of the region’s reduced crop triggered expectations of a
further significant decline in expected production.
Revised expectations coming from Zambia are that output will
decline by a third to 1,6 million tons, whereas sentiments from
South Africa suggests that this season’s harvest could possibly be
between 5 and 6 million tons.
The situation is worse in net importing countries such as Zimbabwe,
where production is expected yet again, to halve compared to the
previous season.
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